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Orem model of nursing, also known as self-care deficit nursing theory (SCDNT), is a grand nursing theory, which was developed by Dorothea Orem between 1971 and 2001, and it emphasizes the role of self-care for patients after interacting with healthcare providers.
The major concepts of SCDNT include nursing, humans, environment, health, self-care, self-care agency, basic conditioning factors, therapeutic self-care demand, self-care deficit, nursing agency, and nursing system (Petiprin, 2016). The following section discusses these concepts.
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In Orem’s theory, nursing is the art through which healthcare practitioners in the nursing profession offer specialized assistance to people suffering from different disabilities to facilitate self-care in the end. Moreover, nurses are involved in the medical care that the patient gets from a physician.
Humans are defined as “men, women, and children cared for either singly or as social units” (Petiprin, 2016, para. 4). Humans are also termed as the material objects of nurses and all other healthcare providers who offer direct care.
The environment is a complex set-up with biological, chemical, and physical features together with community, culture, and family components that surround a patient.
Health is defined as the state of being functionally and structurally whole, and it covers both individuals and groups of people. Other components of human health include the ability to communicate with fellow people, symbolize experience, and reflect on one’s self.
Self-care covers all the activities or practices that persons initiate and carry out independently as a way of ensuring health, well-being, and life.
Self-care agency is an individual’s capability to get involved in self-care. This ability is subject to different conditioning factors.
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